| Host City | Guayaquil |
|---|---|
| Country | |
| Held | 24 – 29 May 1978 |
| Competitors | 40 |
| Countries | 7 |
| Event | Gender | Held | Status | Competitors | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 m Springboard | Men | — | Medal | 3 | 3 |
| 10 m Platform | Women | — | Medal | 3 | 2 |
| Event | Gender | Held | Status | Competitors | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100 m Freestyle | Men | — | Medal | 3 | 2 |
| 200 m Freestyle | Men | — | Medal | 3 | 3 |
| 400 m Freestyle | Men | — | Medal | 3 | 2 |
| 100 m Backstroke | Men | — | Medal | 3 | 3 |
| 200 m Backstroke | Men | — | Medal | 3 | 3 |
| 100 m Breaststroke | Men | — | Medal | 3 | 2 |
| 200 m Breaststroke | Men | — | Medal | 3 | 2 |
| 100 m Butterfly | Men | — | Medal | 3 | 2 |
| 200 m Butterfly | Men | — | Medal | 3 | 2 |
| 200 m Individual Medley | Men | — | Medal | 1 | 1 |
| 400 m Individual Medley | Men | — | Medal | 3 | 2 |
| 100 m Freestyle | Women | — | Medal | 3 | 3 |
| 400 m Freestyle | Women | — | Medal | 3 | 2 |
| 800 m Freestyle | Women | — | Medal | 3 | 3 |
| 4 x 100 m Freestyle Relay | Women | — | Medal | 4 | 1 |
| 100 m Backstroke | Women | — | Medal | 3 | 3 |
| 200 m Backstroke | Women | — | Medal | 1 | 1 |
| 200 m Breaststroke | Women | — | Medal | 3 | 3 |
| 100 m Butterfly | Women | — | Medal | 3 | 3 |
| 200 m Butterfly | Women | — | Medal | 3 | 3 |
| 200 m Individual Medley | Women | — | Medal | 3 | 3 |
| 400 m Individual Medley | Women | — | Medal | 3 | 3 |
| 4 x 100 m Medley Relay | Women | — | Medal | 0 | 3 |
| Event | Gender | Held | Status | Competitors | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water Polo | Men | — | Medal | 0 | 1 |
| Pos | Country | 🥇 Gold | 🥈 Silver | 🥉 Bronze | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Argentina | 10 | 4 | 4 | 18 | |
| 2 | Brazil | 6 | 8 | 4 | 18 | |
| 3 | Ecuador | 4 | 5 | 3 | 12 | |
| 4 | Colombia | 3 | 4 | 3 | 10 | |
| 5 | Uruguay | 1 | 0 | 3 | 4 | |
| 6 | Venezuela | 0 | 2 | 5 | 7 | |
| 7 | Chile | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |